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- WORLD, Page 29MONGOLIASudden Conversion
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- Ulan Bator leaps on the reform bandwagon as dissent rises
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- The leaders of Mongolia's Communist Party have been slow to
- put their faith in shinechiel (renewal). But once convinced,
- they have proved fervent converts. Last week the party that has
- ruled the remote republic for 66 years abolished its monopoly
- on power, promised multiparty elections by year's end and
- replaced the entire five-member Politburo with a younger, more
- progressive slate. Said Foreign Ministry spokesman Tepbishiin
- Chimeddorj: "This is the beginning of real change."
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- The overnight revolution in Mongolia was an astonishing
- victory for the country's nascent opposition, which went public
- with its campaign for democratization only three months ago.
- The forces of dissent have multiplied rapidly, fed by popular
- discontent over economic stagnation, communist autocracy and
- domination by Moscow. Recently, the government of President
- Jambyn Batmonh has loosened up, allowing joint ventures with
- Western companies, for example. But the pace of change was too
- sluggish for the regime's critics, whose demonstrations brought
- thousands into the streets.
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- When protesters began a hunger strike last week, Communist
- leaders gave in to nearly all of the opposition's demands. In
- an emergency session, the party's Central Committee replaced
- Batmonh, 63, as Politburo chief, with Gombojavyn Ochirbat, 61,
- a former head of the Mongolian trade union federation who was
- ousted in 1982, presumably having angered the leadership.
- Joining him in the new Politburo are four other reform-minded
- officials, all in their 40s.
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- Most Central Committee members over the age of 60, or about
- half the total of 174, have offered to resign in anticipation
- of an extraordinary party congress scheduled for next month
- that will select a new President. Both Batmonh and Prime
- Minister Dumaagiyn Sodnom, 56, have reportedly volunteered to
- quit their government posts when the People's Great Hural,
- Mongolia's parliament, next convenes. The government has also
- agreed to include the opposition in a commission that is to
- draft a new constitution.
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